It is probable that some COVID-19 infections may be missed due to the requirement of fever as a criterion. Coronavirus and the New Words We Added COVID-19. Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/COVID-19. Randomised Evaluation of COVid-19 Therapy Trial. COVID is an acronym. doi: 10.23750/abm.v91i1.9397, PubMed Abstract | CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar, 5. CO stands for corona, VI for virus, D for disease, and 19 for 2019 (year first identified). Symptoms show up in people within two to 14 days of exposure to the virus. For this study, two highly populated regions (Jazan and Aseer) of South-West Saudi Arabia and adjacent rural villages were selected. Table 5. Cirrincione L, Plescia F, Ledda C, Rapisarda V, Martorana D, Moldovan RE, et al. The results indicated that majority of respondents had heard of and were aware of COVID-19 disease. Herd immunity not only shields vulnerable individuals from infection, but it can alsoslow thespread ofdisease. Moreover, the Saudi government decided to suspend congregational prayers across all mosques in the kingdom, including the two holy mosques in Makkah and Madinah (35). Multivariable logistic regression analysis on factors significantly associated with preventive measures toward COVID-19. This lack of acceptance might have accelerated the spread of this disease among the public. Operational definition of coronavirus - 15890690. AM: software, validation, and formal analysis. Modifying outpatient operations is important to reduce crowding and to prevent the mixing of infectious with noninfectious patients at facilities, and prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Consider consultation outside of the household to ensure adequate ventilation. Surprisingly, few respondents (18.26%) say they were unaware of any preparation, and very few (4.36%) say that there is no need for any preparation. Research continues, and more study may reveal how and why the coronavirus evolved to cause pandemic disease. Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Since the 2019 coronavirus is related to the original coronavirus that caused SARS and can also cause severe acute respiratory syndrome, there is SARS in its name: SARS-CoV-2. The 1918 Spanish flu Pandemicexemplifies how interventions such as social distancing, restricted travel, and improved handwashing hygiene help toreduce the number of cases at a given time. FA: preparation of Google form and Arabic translation. 2023. The number "19" refers to the fact that the disease was first detected in 2019, though the pandemic started in 2020. Available online at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/10665-331495 (accessed April 17, 2020). (2020) Available online at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/cloth-face-cover.html (accessed April 3, 2020). Awareness about personal protection and preparedness against COVID-19. Examples of zoonotic diseases include Rabies, West Nile Virus, COVID-19, Lyme Disease, and Plague. Send us feedback about these examples. COVID is an acronym. Labor groups, industry leaders, researchers, and public health experts should provide input on these lists. COVID-19 is diagnosed through a test. Much is still unknown about these viruses, but SARS-CoV-2 spreads faster and farther than the 2003 SARS-CoV-1 virus. When health workers become symptomatic while at work, they should notify their supervisors and go home. An antibody test looks for evidence of the body's immune response to the virus. [1] It was initially reported to the WHO on . To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind, conducted in Saudi Arabia that is assessing the awareness and preparedness toward COVID-19 among HCWs and other residents. World Health Organization. Significant differences were observed in awareness about protective measures between educational groups and occupational groups (Tables 4, 5). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Report-47. Administrative Guidelines for Offices on the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Outbreak. Congress should then reserve the option to accept the proposed list via a floor vote or send it back for revisions. But there are millions of more workers on the frontlines; we need clearer metrics to complement these broader narratives. Therefore, the USFDA has granted the emergency use authorization (EUA) to Remdesivir for the treatment of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases (20, 21); however, further investigations are required to collect the sufficient data (22). Copyright 2020 Tripathi, Alqahtani, Albarraq, Meraya, Tripathi, Banji, Alshahrani, Ahsan and Alnakhli. The uniqueness of this infection is that it shows little or no symptoms in the beginning, and many do not even know they are infected. If you have a fever or any of the symptoms listed above, call your doctor or a health care provider and explain your symptoms over the phone before going to the doctors office, urgent care facility or emergency room. In some cases, however, COVID-19 can lead to respiratory failure, lastinglungandheart muscle damage,nervous system problems,kidney failureor death. Delivered to your inbox! Egypt J Hosp Med. The first case of COVID-19 was reported Dec. 1, 2019, and the cause was a then-new coronavirus later named SARS-CoV-2. Practice frequent hand hygiene before and after each patient encounter using portable alcohol-based hand rub. Frontline workers in construction and agriculture (including laborers and farmworkers) are among the least educated, with upwards of 85% having a high school diploma or less. During the lockdown period, the majority of the people who participated in our study stockpiled sufficient food items, and the frequency of going out to buy groceries and other food items can thus be avoided. Furthermore, it might lead to pneumonia, organ failure, and death. (2020) 130:15458. SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 viruses are closely related. In addition, specific measures for workplaces and jobs at medium risk included frequent cleaning and disinfection of objects and surfaces that are touched regularly (fomites). Saudi Arabia has also been seriously affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and reported its first confirmed case on March 3, 2020. 3 0 obj Knowledge and awareness of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus among Saudi and Non-Saudi Arabian pilgrims. Still, as the country continues to adapt to COVID-19 and respond to future disruptions, categorizing and counting the number of essential workers is a start to larger policy conversations. Therefore, the first and foremost strategy to win the battle over COVID-19 shall be stopping the spread of disease effectively among the people. SARS-CoV-2 may have originated in an animal and changed (mutated) so it could cause illness in humans. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-1 coronavirus that emerged in China in 2002 and also causes serious respiratory disease in humans. The WHO has published guidance for public health and social measures at the workplace within the context of COVID-19. In accordance with WHO guidance on core componentsof IPC programs, district and national IPC management should support facility IPC focal points. Arab News. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Eric A., Coomes EA, Haghbayan H Favipiravir, an antiviral for COVID-19? Meanwhile, New America combined those approaches, and a team of University of Chicago and Federal Reserve Bank of New York researchers used public datasets to create a list of frontline occupations. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website. Age, gender, and area were non-significant predictors of COVID-19 awareness. Every day scientists make discoveriesabout where thenovel coronavirus came from, how it spreads, and how it affects its victims differently. Xu X, Han M, Lia T, Sun W, Wang D, Fu B, et al. doi: 10.1172/JCI138003, 27. 39. New York, NY: Anchor Books Press. (accessed on June 21, 2020). 43. Encourage and support home care when appropriate for patients with COVID-19 symptoms. Modifications to outpatient operations for essential health services, Modifications to outpatient operations for non-essential health services during COVID-19, Modifications to outpatient operations for patients who are acutely ill or have symptoms consistent with COVID-19. Establish policies and procedures for health workers who develop symptoms or signs of COVID-19. 1 0 obj When the whole world is struggling to control COVID-19 spreading, Saudi Arabia has reported 1,155 positive cases (as of June 21, 2020) in Jazan and Aseer region (313 and 842, respectively) among 157,612 positive cases the entire country (50). This brief builds off of and updates our initial analysis of essential industries from the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic by highlighting how frontline workers earn lower wages, are less educated, and are more likely to be people of color than national averages. One Health is recognizedin the United States and globally as an effective way to address complex health issues at the human-animal-environment interface, including zoonotic diseases. The questionnaire is designed in English, being subsequently translated into Arabic for the convenience and ease of understanding of the participants, and it was pre-tested to ensure that it maintained its original meaning. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Recommendation Regarding the use of Cloth Face Coverings, Especially in Areas of Significant Community-Based Transmission. Instead, they should be encouraged to be the part of the solution. During a public health crisis, it is imperative that policymakers prioritize support for the most vulnerable frontline workers. Every day scientists make discoveries about where the novel coronavirus came from, how it spreads, and how it affects its victims differently. Higher-paid health care occupations such as surgeons and anesthesiologists face higher levels of physical proximity (depicted in the top right corner of the scatterplot), but have sizable wage premiums. Mihir Mysore is a leader of McKinsey's work on crisis response and recently . (2020) Available online at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/people-at-higher-risk.html (accessed March 29, 2020), 18. Identifying essential health services such as vaccinations, maternal and child healthcare, HIV testing and treatment, tuberculosis testing and treatment, and others. Can be used as telephone consultation for patients to determine if they need to visit a healthcare facility. Knowledge and preparedness do translate into improved practices toward COVID-19 prevention and the same was reflected in this study. Modifications to outpatient operations for non-essential health services during COVID-19. Table 4. from UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, NC Coronavirus Maps & Data Visualizations. People with co-morbidities, including diabetes and hypertension, who are treated with the drugs such as thiazolidinediones, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARBs) have an increased expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2). Finally, Congress should establish a special commission to determine how federal essential industry and frontline occupations lists should legally relate to independent state and local designations. This is acceptable since we are monitoring The research community races to address a mysterious new disease that threatens lives, livelihoods, and institutions around the world. The COVID-19 pandemic has already inflicted enormous economic and physical pain. Airborne transmission is distinct from droplet transmission in that 'airborne' requires an infectious pathogen to remain viable in the air for extended periods of time and able to infect people at distances greater than 1 meter. When community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is suspected, facility leadership and the IPC focal point should review IPC guidance and operational considerationsfor healthcare facilities and follow national IPC guidance to prepare facilities to safely triage and manage patients with COVID-19 symptoms. However, there were few misconceptions regarding the mode of COVID-19 transmission among the participants, which need to be addressed. Conclusion: As the global threat of COVID-19 continues to emerge, it is critical to improve the awareness and preparedness of the targeted community members, especially the less educated ones. The present study examined the level of awareness and preparedness toward prevention of COVID-19 using area, gender, age, education level, and occupation as explanatory variables among the residents (HCWs and other community peoples) of South-West Saudi Arabia. Rather than capture every worker within essential industries, we propose identifying a subset of workers in specific frontline occupations who face a variety of health risks in their workplaces. 29. After an affirmative response of the question, the participant is directed to complete the self-report questionnaire. SARS-CoV-2 is a novel strain of the coronavirus family that has not been previously identified in humans (7). J Clin Invest. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585, 10. The "social economy" has played an important role in addressing and mitigating the short- and long-term impacts of the COVID-19 crisis on economy and society. Many of these workers have lost their jobs, contracted the virus, or continue to report to unsafe work conditions. 22. It is diagnosed with a test. Coronavirus infections are contagious, and some of these viruses, including the one that causes COVID-19, spread easily between people.
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