The Sudan extends for more than 3,500 miles (5,500 km) west-to-east across Africa from Cape Verde on the Atlantic to the highlands of Ethiopia and the Red Sea, and between about latitudes 8 and 16 N. It borders the Sahara on the north and extends southward to the forests of West Africa and the Congo River basin. Freshwater swamp forests areas are easily distinguished by their intense vegetation and network of lagoons and creeks. Large herds can be found only in reserves and parks, especially on the Bauchi plateau, in the Yankari reserve. Central Africa Biodiversity Conservation Programme Protecting Central Africas Elephants Appraisal Report. Some other plants found here are baobabs, palms of doom, the whale, and the whitish acacia which sheds its leaves during the rainy season and grows fresh leaves during the dry season. As a result, Nigeria has different vegetation, each of which has unique features. From the countrys north to the south, different temperatures, weather conditions, and other geographical factors cause variation in vegetation. Nigeria is situated in the area where the climate is usually the training period and dry season. A very good example of this type of vegetation is the type found in the East of Lagos. This is because the region is perfect for animal husbandry and farming. The annual rainfall in this zone is extremely poor, with the wet season lasting 3 to 4 months. You can find the Sudan savanna in the northern part of the Guinea savanna. They are also multi-tiered, but less dense, the underbrush is difficult to access. There are many birds of prey, especially black African kites, there is also a bird-secretary, vultures, hawks, a rhinoceros bird. Here, short grass abounds but trees are much fewer than that of the Guinea Savannah. Much of the Sudan is a plateau between 1,000 and 1,500 feet (330 and 415 metres) above sea level, but there are many higher areas, sometimes exceeding 10,000 feet (3,050 metres), as in northern Ethiopia and in the west of Sudan (the country). Rainy seasons decline correspondingly in length as one moves north, with Kano having an average rainy period of 120 to 130 days, and Katsina and Sokoto having rainy . The term derives from the Arabic bild al-sdn (land of the black peoples) and has been in use from at least the 12th century. Various mangrove vegetation in Nigeria is sustained due to the condition of the Saline Water. The wetland has a unique assemblage of plant and animal species that are important for the maintenance of biological diversity. \(\overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=} \). Sudan Savanna is found in Northern Nigeria. MetaTrader 5 is it really the best terminal for traders working on the Forex market. & Omoigui, L. (2006). Nigeria is the worlds largest producer with 2.1 million tones followed by Niger with Malaria, immunoglobulins and antimalarial antibodies in haemoglobin AC individuals Ann Trop Med Parasitol. The states of Jigawa, Kano, Katsina, Zamfara, Sokoto, and Kebbi are found in this zone. Forest areas are dominated by trees so whenever you are in an area where trees around, thats a forest. Then in the mid dry season, there is a smoke screen over the savanna. . The Sahel savanna is known to have trees with relatively narrow leaves. Africa Development Fund. Some of them have twisted trunks from fires that happen yearly. The West Sudanian savanna runs from the Atlantic Ocean to eastern Nigeria. Nigerian savanna awakens. The outcome of this fire is the obvious appearance of the trees in the region. In the north of the rainforest zone, it doesnt rain more than 1600 mm yearly, which makes it difficult for trees to grow. Rafia gives fiber piassava, used for the manufacture of brushes. Still, the forests become sparse as you move north which leads to the beginning of the savannah vegetation. Areas which are stabilized and are non-salt marsh are suitable for rice cultivation. In the eastern block, Boswellia papyrifera, Lannea schimperi and Stereospermum kunthianum also dominate the woody vegetation. The acacia trees always have thorny bushes with an umbrella look. Lake Chad in the western Sudan is a centre for interior drainage. This zone is characterized by moist grasslands, with precipitation ranging between 1000 and 1400 mm per year. Effect of NPK rates and irrigation intervals on potato (Solanum tuberosum L) yield in the Sudan Savanna of Nigeria 7 th Global Summit on Agriculture & Horticulture October 17-19, 2016 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Their leaves are also shed during the rainy season and blossom during the dry season. Still, further to the north, the forests are becoming sparser, and at last the expanses of the savanna open. Sudan Savanna Sudan Savanna Source: Nigeria First National Biodiversity Report (2001). In the places where you will find any vegetation, the grasses are usually very short. Here, rainfall decreases between 500-1000 mm per year. Dark orchid represents Sahel savanna, Yellow represents Sudan savanna, Royal blue represents Guinea savanna, Pink represents Forest. Unless specified, this website is not in any way affiliated with any of the institutions featured. Infestation of crop fields by Striga species in the savanna zones of northeast Nigeria. In the past, a large part of the country was covered with dense tropical rainforests. vegetation-type known as derived savanna. RAINFALL IN THE SUDAN SAVANNA REGION OF NIGERIA RAINFALL IN THE SUDAN SAVANNA REGION OF NIGERIA Kowal, J. M.; Kassam, A. H. 1975-01-01 00:00:00 JOHNSON,A. 2013. They include plants like African myrrh and Acacia radiant. This type of Savannah is found in the northern belt of the country. The geography of the Sudan Savanna makes it very suitable for both animal and crop production. These comprise the Short Grass Savannah, Woodlands, and Marginal Savannah. These two broad belts of vegetation are however broken down into smaller belts. We're sorry, but in order to log in and use all the features of this website, you will need to enable JavaScript in your browser. Sudan, the vast tract of open savanna plains extending across Africa between the southern limits of the Sahara (desert) and the northern limits of the equatorial rain forests. This vegetation type is found in the middle of the country. The Montane vegetation zone is a type of vegetation that grows in high mountainous regions. Relative humidity is lower here, and soils are drier. It covers an area less than two kilometers in width. Camels graze on young shoots of these bushes, while leaves are used by the local people for preparing the traditional medicine. The montane vegetation area in Nigeria is a region where mountainous forests are quite prevalent. We have written on different types of vegetation in Nigeria and some common trees and other related plants and Animal you can find in this region. In savannas, the most common large animal is the leopard. This study is aimed to detect weed hosts of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) in field-grown tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in Sudan savanna regions (Gombe, Jigawa and Kano states) of Nigeria during 2017 and 2018 dry and wet seasons. States with this type of vegetation include; Cross River, Niger Delta, IMO, Benin and Ogun states. 1979 Aug;73(4):311-5. doi: 10.1080/00034983.1979.11687264. Updates? The area is generally covered by grasses but the slopes are covered by forests. in or register, Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "aa5d5c9d9a6bf8631f8e1775ffcb9ee8" );document.getElementById("a709592583").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); For Sponsorship opportunities, kindly reach out to us through our email or what's app link via the contact us page. The grass in the wild areas of this zone is quite tall, often exceeding five feet. Many of the people are Muslims. The Jos plateau is one of the highest points in Nigeria. In Nigeria, the main economic activities in this zone include cattle and sheep rearing as well as come crop farming. A section of Taraba State is in this region. Top 8, 3 Reasons Why You Should Be Camping More Often, What to Expect from IB Past Papers: An Overview of Format and Content, What to invest in and what are the advantages of cryptocurrency. This savanna is known for Its prolonged dry season that lasts up to seven months. Vegetation usually depends on the climate zones of the country. Sahel, Arabic Sil, semiarid region of western and north-central Africa extending from Senegal eastward to Sudan. There is a wide range of agro-ecological regions in SSA, including three major zones: moist savanna, Sudan savanna, and mid-altitude zones, representing respectively 29%, 31%, and 40% of the total cropland in SSA. However, problems such as poor health facilities, high levels of crime, unemployment, and corruption continue to be pressing issues in the country's economy. Image credit: Creative Commons. Labour Party Candidate Finally Open Up, Abdulsamad Rabiu beats Aliko Dangote as Nigeria's top 3 billionaires' wealth rises by over N184.1bn in April. The Sahel belt of drier acacia savanna lies to the north, and beyond that is the Sahara Desert. Other components of the tropical rainforest of southern Nigeria are the coastal vegetation, riparian forest, mangrove forest, and lowland rainforest. The following objectives were used, which are to: i. Analyze rainfall trend in the. A few of them have twisted trunks. This vegetation zone is one of the worlds most productive ecosystems. . The trees here grow up to a height of about 15m. Late-round Rookie Dynasty Sleepers 2021, These are the so-called dry tropical forests. The Montane zone is situated in high-mountain areas. Examples of plants you will see in this vegetation are Ngibbi, Leptadenia, Acacia raddiana, and African myrrh etc. Required fields are marked *. It is a common sight for fire outbreaks to occur in the Sahel savanna. selected risk assessment techniques; plant uptake factor (PUF), soil-plant transfer coefficient (TC) and translocation factor (TF) of Pb and The effects of N fertilization on water use efficiency (WUE) and physiological and yield traits of sorghum were investigated in two locations over two cropping seasons (2014 and 2015) in the Sudan Savanna zone of Nigeria. The baobabs are very common, and its difficult to imagine the Sudan savanna without them. All names, acronyms, logos and trademarks displayed on this website are those of their respective owners. Some features of this site may not work without it. Annual rainfall here is 1000-1400 mm on the average. Nigeria is the continent's leading consumer and a major importer of rice ( FAO, 2017 ). Herds of sheep, cattle, and goats graze on vast pastures. And this is responsible for the low vegetation in these areas. Nigerian rivers and lakes are full of fish. In these areas, the fresh water from rivers meets with the salt water of the sea, forming the brackish swamp. The northern reaches of the Sudan comprise the semiarid region known as the Sahel. The level of infestation was 60% in southern Guinea, 68% in Sudan and 74% in northern Guinea savanna. The savanna aside from being home to animals also serves as the site for tourist attractions. These seven vegetation zones are seen in different regions in the country. However, as the ecoregion is vast, plant endemism per unit area is low. Sudan Savanna: This vegetation belt is found in Sokoto, Kastina, Kaduna, Kano, Dutse, Bauchi, etc. Vegetation belts in Nigeria reflect the tight link between the vegetation and the countrys climate: Below there is the map of Nigeria showing vegetation belts. Generally, natural conditions of the Sudanese savanna are favorable for the progress of agriculture and animal farming. The Sudan savanna is a type of savanna found in Nigeria. The level of infestation of cereal fields by S. hermonthica was in the order of Sudan savanna > Northern Guinea > Southern Guinea. Once, a significant part of the territory was covered with dense tropical rainforests. Jos Plateau is one of the highest points in Nigeria, so it makes sense for the area to have this Montane vegetation. Normally, there are periodic droughts and food shortages in the Sahel savanna due to a lack of adequate rainfall in the region. You can find guinea fowl, Snakes, deer, grasshoppers, and rats in the Guinea savanna. We use cookies and similar technologies to ensure our website works properly, personalize your browsing experience, analyze how you use our website, and deliver relevant ads to you. Most of the rice production is in central and northern Nigeria. They provide the wood used in the manufacture of tool handles and canoes used for fishing and transportation. This vegetation is characterized by very short rainfall which is followed by an intense long dry season. Here, short grass abounds but trees are much fewer than that of the Guinea Savannah. You can find the Nigerian Sahel savanna in parts of the Yobe and Borno states. The savanna is one region in Nigeria that is covered with grasses and surrounded by forests. Forest trees such as Kaya, iroko, Obeche, Opepe are useful in construction and as ornamental pieces. Its leaves feed animals during the period of dryness. Trees with a height of 40-45 m form the first upper tier. It is a common sight to see the grasses in the Guinea savanna looking green and fresh during the rainy season and then brown and dry during the dry season. Later there was invasion from Egypt and, in 1899, the establishment of the Anglo-Egyptian Condominium. The Sahel savannah has the most severe vegetation in the country since it is mostly desert. About 68% of all fields sampled were infested, about 75% of compound fields and 60% of bush fields. The Sahel savanna is a savanna that is found in the northern part of the Guinea savanna. The vegetation of Nigeria is diverse, in the far north and east, where there is almost no rain, the so-called Sahel (deserted) extends. The people of the Sudan are predominantly black, and, though these people are primarily Bantu-speaking, there is also a considerable admixture of Arabic- and Berber-speaking peoples, the degree of their influence decreasing westward and southward toward the Gulf of Guinea. This method is not only labour intensive, expensive and strenuous, but can also cause mechanical damage to growing branches and roots of plants. Other common plants include the African myrrh, Acacia, and Ngibbi. The East Sudanian Savanna has low rates of faunal endemism, with only one strictly endemic mammal (Gounda mouse), and two strictly endemic reptiles (Moila snake and Wilsons snake-eyed skink). The protection level indicates the percentage of the GSN goal that is currently protected on a scale of 0-10. The states of Niger, Kaduna, Adamawa, Bauchi, and Gombe are found in the Nigerian Guinea savannah. They inhabit the forest patches of the Guinean Forest-Savanna ecoregion, which are scattered across the vast savanna plain found in between the humid forests of the Guinea-Congolian region and the dry savannas of the West Sudanian region. Freshwater is abundant in this area. Dugje, I. Kamara, A. This savanna is known for Its prolonged dry season that lasts up to seven months. Thus, the Sudan was linked with the Mediterranean coastlands, whose manufactured articles, together with Saharan salt, were exchanged for the gold, kola nuts, and slaves of Guinea. So how familiar are you with these vegetation zones in Nigeria? Giraffe. . Vegetation ranges from semidesert steppe and thorn scrub near the Sahara through vast grass plains, loosely termed savannas, to parkland country where low trees grow among tall grasses, and savanna forest that merges ultimately into equatorial rain forest. Sudan Savanna Of Nigeria M. ISMAILA D. D. DANAZUMI Department of Agricultural Technology, Yobe State College of Agriculture Gujba, P.M.B. Montane vegetation in Nigeria (mountain and plateaus vegetation) is not very developed due to the reason of low average temperatures and the significant impact of animals and man. The Sudan Savannah is a wide belt of tropical savanna running across Africa south of the Sahel, separated into east and west ecoregions by the Cameroon Highlands. Harbor Light Specials, Lake Turkana-Sudd Grasslands, Bushlands & Forests (AT21). This is because the rainy season does not last long. Naturally, their characteristics reflect the climatic conditions in the particular area. It is a very good location for pastures and also for growing different vegetables and small grain crops. Sudan Savanna In Nigeria, Postprocedural Hyperparathyroidism Icd-10, Threatened mammal species include large herds of elephant in Chad and Central African Republic, wild dog, cheetah, and lion. The soil of BUK site was sandy loam of the pH 6.5, Organic matter content 7.9 g kg-1 The Sudan Savannah zone is found in the Northwest stretching from the Sokoto plains in the West, through the Northern sections of the Central highland. Here, short grass abounds but trees are much fewer than that of the Guinea Savannah. Golf Ball Hits Another Ball And Goes In, It is confined within the tropics (Tropic of Cancer & Tropic of Capricorn) & is best developed in Sudan, where dry & wet climate are most distinct, hence Abnormal haemoglobins in the Sudan savanna of Nigeria. Various species of elephant grass dominate in this area. Livestock raising is a major economic activity, and considerable numbers of people are still (though decreasingly) nomadic or seminomadic, moving with their herds in search of pasturage. The lower layer species are the undergrowth vegetation and have the highest density possible. This vegetation type covers Nigerian states such as Kaduna state, Oyo state, Enugu state, Anambra state, Edo state,and Ondo state. It is a member of the CGIAR Consortium, a global research partnership that unites organizations engaged in research for sustainable development for a food secure future. In the north of the forest zone the annual amount of precipitation does not exceed 1600 mm, the conditions for forest growth are deteriorating. The white acacia tree leaves on the other hand always serve as feed for ruminant animals. Below is a list of notable vegetation zones in Nigeria. That explains why as you travel around the country, you will see that the vegetations are not the same. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Four major Striga species were identified: Striga hermonthica in sorghum or maize; Striga aspera in rice; Striga densiflora in pearl millet and fallow and Striga gesnerioides in cowpea. There are various vegetation zones in Nigeria, all determined by the prevailing climatic conditions across different parts of the country. The states of Borno and Yobe are in this vegetation zone. These zones have varying annual rainfall, temperature, atmospheric pressure, and predominant vegetation. These are the Mangrove Swamp, Rainforest, Derived savanna, Guinea savanna, Sudan savanna and Sahel savanna zones. The trees in the Guinea savanna do not blossom during a part of the dry season. Almost half of Nigerias territory is covered by this vegetation. Soil and climatic conditions contribute to the growing of cocoa, peanuts, oil palm, cotton and many tropical crops. In guinea savannah, you will mostly see elephant grass. It is distinguished from the Sudan savanna because it has more trees whereas the Sudan few trees. A typical example of the freshwater swamp forest is seen in the Niger Delta area of the country. The Sudan savannah is a type of vegetation in the north of the Guinea savanna. This is mostly on the eastern edge of Taraba State, close to the Cameroonian border. The Sudanian savanna is a broad belt of tropical savanna that runs east and west across the African continent, from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Ethiopian Highlands in the east. Sudan is the geographical region to the south of the Sahara, stretching from Western Africa to Central and Eastern Africa.The name derives from the Arabic bild as-sdn ( ), or "the lands of the Blacks", referring to West Africa and northern Central Africa..
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